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IOC-Bean的实例化策略:InstantiationStrategy

IOC-Bean的实例化策略:InstantiationStrategy

本文主要基于 Spring 5.0.6.RELEASE

摘要: 原创出处 http://cmsblogs.com/?p=todo 「小明哥」,谢谢!

作为「小明哥」的忠实读者,「老艿艿」略作修改,记录在理解过程中,参考的资料。


在开始分析 InstantiationStrategy 之前,我们先来简单回顾下 Bean 的实例化过程:

  1. Bean 的创建,主要是 AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#doCreateBean(…) 方法。在这个方法中有 Bean 的实例化、属性注入和初始化过程,对于 Bean 的实例化过程这是根据 Bean 的类型来判断的,如果是单例模式,则直接从 factoryBeanInstanceCache 缓存中获取,否则调用 #createBeanInstance(…) 方法来创建。
  2. 在 #createBeanInstance(…) 方法中,如果 Supplier 不为空,则调用 #obtainFromSupplier(…) 实例化 bean。如果 factory 不为空,则调用 #instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(…) 方法来实例化 Bean 。如果都不是,则调用 #instantiateBean(…) 方法来实例化 Bean 。但是无论是 #instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(…) 方法,还是 #instantiateBean() 方法,最后都一定会调用到 InstantiationStrategy 接口的 #instantiate(…) 方法。

1. InstantiationStrategy

InstantiationStrategy 接口定义了 Spring Bean 实例化的策略,根据创建对象情况的不同,提供了三种策略:无参构造方法、有参构造方法、工厂方法。代码如下:

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public interface InstantiationStrategy {
    /**    * 默认构造方法    */
    Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable
    String beanName, BeanFactory owner)    throws BeansException;
    /**    * 指定构造方法    */
    Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable
    String beanName, BeanFactory owner,                       Constructor<?> ctor, @Nullable
    Object... args) throws BeansException;
    /**    * 工厂方法    */
    Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable
    String beanName, BeanFactory owner,                       @Nullable
    Object factoryBean, Method factoryMethod, @Nullable
    Object... args)    throws BeansException;
}

2. SimpleInstantiationStrategy

InstantiationStrategy 接口有两个实现类:SimpleInstantiationStrategy 和 CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy。

SimpleInstantiationStrategy 对以上三个方法都做了简单的实现。

① 如果是工厂方法实例化,则直接使用反射创建对象,如下:

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// SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java
@Override
public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable
String beanName, BeanFactory owner,                          @Nullable
Object factoryBean, final Method factoryMethod, Object... args) {
    try {
        // 设置 Method 可访问
        if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
            AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
                ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(factoryMethod);
                return null;
            }
            );
        }
        else {
            ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(factoryMethod);
        } // 获得原 Method 对象        Method priorInvokedFactoryMethod = currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.get();
        try {
            // 设置新的 Method 对象,到 currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod 中            currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.set(factoryMethod);            // 创建 Bean 对象
            Object result = factoryMethod.invoke(factoryBean, args); // 未创建,则创建 NullBean 对象
            if (result == null) {
                result =
                new NullBean();
            }
            return result;
        }
        finally {
            // 设置老的 Method 对象,到 currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod 中
            if (priorInvokedFactoryMethod != null) {
                currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.set(priorInvokedFactoryMethod);
            }
            else {
                currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.remove();
            }
        } // 一大堆 catch 异常    }
        catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
            throw new BeanInstantiationException(factoryMethod,                                             "Illegal arguments to factory method '" + factoryMethod.getName() + "';
            " +                                             "args: " + StringUtils.arrayToCommaDelimitedString(args), ex);
        }
        catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
            throw
            new BeanInstantiationException(factoryMethod,                                             "Cannot access factory method '" + factoryMethod.getName() + "'; is it
            public?", ex);    }
            catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
                String msg = "Factory method '" + factoryMethod.getName() + "' threw exception";
                if (bd.getFactoryBeanName() != null && owner instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory &&            ((ConfigurableBeanFactory) owner).isCurrentlyInCreation(bd.getFactoryBeanName())) {
                    msg = "Circular reference involving containing bean '" + bd.getFactoryBeanName() + "' - consider " +            "declaring the factory method as static for independence from its containing instance. " + msg;
                }
                throw new BeanInstantiationException(factoryMethod, msg, ex.getTargetException());
            }
        }


② 如果是构造方法实例化,则是先判断是否有 MethodOverrides,如果没有则是直接使用反射,如果有则就需要 CGLIB 实例化对象。如下:

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// SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java
// 默认构造方法@Override
public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable
String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
    // Don't override the
    class with CGLIB if no overrides.    // 没有覆盖,直接使用反射实例化即可
    if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
        Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
        synchronized (bd.constructorArgumentLock) {
            // 获得构造方法 constructorToUse
            constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
            if (constructorToUse == null) {
                final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass(); // 如果是接口,抛出 BeanInstantiationException 异常
                if (clazz.isInterface()) {
                    throw
                    new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified
                    class is an interface");                }
                    try {
                        // 从 clazz 中,获得构造方法
                        if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
                            // 安全模式
                            constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(                            (PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>) clazz::getDeclaredConstructor);
                        }
                        else {
                            constructorToUse =  clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
                        } // 标记 resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod 属性                    bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod =
                        constructorToUse;
                    }
                    catch (Throwable ex) {
                        throw
                        new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No
                        default constructor found", ex);                }            }        }        // 通过 BeanUtils 直接使用构造器对象实例化 Bean 对象
                        return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
                    }
                    else {
                        // Must generate CGLIB
                        subclass.        // 生成 CGLIB 创建的子类对象
                        return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);
                    }
                } // 指定构造方法@Override
                public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable
                String beanName, BeanFactory owner,                          final Constructor<?> ctor, Object... args) {
                    // 没有覆盖,直接使用反射实例化即可    if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
                        if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
                            // 设置构造方法,可访问            // use own privileged to change accessibility (when security is on)            AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {                ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(ctor);                return
                            null;
                        }
                        );
                    } // 通过 BeanUtils 直接使用构造器对象实例化 Bean 对象        return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(ctor, args);    }
                    else {
                        // 生成 CGLIB 创建的子类对象
                        return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner, ctor, args);
                    }
                }


  • SimpleInstantiationStrategy 对 #instantiateWithMethodInjection(RootBeanDefinition bd, String beanName, BeanFactory owner, Constructor<?> ctor, Object… args) 的实现任务交给了子类 CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy 。

3. MethodOverrides

对于 MethodOverrides,如果读者是跟着小编文章一路跟过来的话一定不会陌生,在 BeanDefinitionParserDelegate 类解析 的时候是否还记得这两个方法:#parseLookupOverrideSubElements(…) 和 #parseReplacedMethodSubElements(…) 这两个方法分别用于解析 lookup-method 和 replaced-method 属性。

其中,#parseLookupOverrideSubElements(…) 源码如下:

4cdb7d0fafb164c00feb74680948e785

parseLookupOverrideSubElements

更多关于 lookup-method 和 replaced-method 请看:【死磕 Spring】—– IoC 之解析 bean 标签:meta、lookup-method、replace-method

4. CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy

类 CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy 为 Spring 实例化 Bean 的默认实例化策略,其主要功能还是对父类功能进行补充:其父类将 CGLIB 的实例化策略委托其实现。

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// SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java
protected
Object instantiateWithMethodInjection(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable
String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
    throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Method Injection not supported in SimpleInstantiationStrategy");
} //
CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java@Override
protected Object instantiateWithMethodInjection(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable
String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
    return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner, null);
}
  • CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy 实例化 Bean 策略,是通过其内部类CglibSubclassCreator 来实现的。代码如下:
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//
CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java@Override
protected Object instantiateWithMethodInjection(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable
String beanName, BeanFactory owner, @Nullable
Constructor<?> ctor, Object... args) {
    // Must generate CGLIB subclass...    // 通过CGLIB生成一个子类对象
    return
    new
    CglibSubclassCreator(bd, owner).instantiate(ctor, args);
}
  • 创建 CglibSubclassCreator 实例,然后调用其 #instantiate(Constructor<?> ctor, Object… args) 方法,该方法用于动态创建子类实例,同时实现所需要的 lookups( lookup-method 、 replace-method )。
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//
CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#CglibSubclassCreatorpublic
Object instantiate(@Nullable
Constructor<?> ctor, Object... args) {
    // <x> 通过 Cglib 创建一个代理类    Class<?> subclass =
    createEnhancedSubclass(this.beanDefinition);
    Object instance; // <y> 没有构造器,通过 BeanUtils 使用默认构造器创建一个bean实例
    if (ctor == null) {
        instance = BeanUtils.instantiateClass(subclass);
    }
    else {
        try {
            // 获取代理类对应的构造器对象,并实例化 bean            Constructor<?> enhancedSubclassConstructor = subclass.getConstructor(ctor.getParameterTypes());
            instance = enhancedSubclassConstructor.newInstance(args);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            throw
            new BeanInstantiationException(this.beanDefinition.getBeanClass(),                                                 "Failed to invoke constructor for CGLIB enhanced subclass [" + subclass.getName() + "]", ex);
        }
    } // SPR-10785: set callbacks directly on the instance instead of in the    // enhanced
    class (via the Enhancer) in order to avoid memory leaks.    // 为了避免 memory leaks 异常,直接在 bean 实例上设置回调对象    Factory factory = (Factory) instance;    factory.setCallbacks(new Callback[] {NoOp.INSTANCE,                                         new LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor(this.beanDefinition,
    this.owner),
    new ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor(this.beanDefinition, this.owner)
}
);
return instance;
}


```plain text

  • </font> 处,调用 #createEnhancedSubclass(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition) 方法,为提供的 BeanDefinition 创建 bean 类的增强子类。代码如下: ```
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// CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java
#CglibSubclassCreatorprivate Class<?>
createEnhancedSubclass(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition) {
    // 创建 Enhancer 对象    Enhancer enhancer =
    new Enhancer();
    // 设置 Bean 类    enhancer.setSuperclass(beanDefinition.getBeanClass());
    // 设置 Spring 的命名策略    enhancer.setNamingPolicy(SpringNamingPolicy.INSTANCE);
    // 设置生成策略
    if (this.owner instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory) {
        ClassLoader cl = ((ConfigurableBeanFactory) this.owner).getBeanClassLoader();
        enhancer.setStrategy(new ClassLoaderAwareGeneratorStrategy(cl));
    } // 过滤,自定义逻辑来指定调用的callback下标    enhancer.setCallbackFilter(new MethodOverrideCallbackFilter(beanDefinition));
    enhancer.setCallbackTypes(CALLBACK_TYPES);
    return enhancer.createClass();
}

```plain text * CGLIB 的标准 API 的使用。

  • </font> 处,获取子类增强 subclass 后,如果 Constructor 实例 ctr 为空,则调用默认构造函数(BeanUtils#instantiateClass(subclass))来实例化类,否则则根据构造函数类型获取具体的构造器,调用 Constructor#newInstance(args) 方法来实例化类。 ```

4.1 MethodOverrideCallbackFilter

在 处调用的 #createEnhancedSubclass(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition) 方法,我们注意两行代码:

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//
CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#CglibSubclassCreatorenhancer.setCallbackFilter(new MethodOverrideCallbackFilter(beanDefinition));
enhancer.setCallbackTypes(CALLBACK_TYPES);
  • 通过 MethodOverrideCallbackFilter 来定义调用 callback 类型。

MethodOverrideCallbackFilter 是用来定义 CGLIB 回调过滤方法的拦截器行为,它继承 CglibIdentitySupport 实现 CallbackFilter 接口。

  • CallbackFilter 是 CGLIB 的一个回调过滤器。
  • CglibIdentitySupport 则为 CGLIB 提供 #hashCode() 和 #equals(Object o) 方法,以确保 CGLIB 不会为每个 Bean 生成不同的类。

MethodOverrideCallbackFilter 实现 CallbackFilter 的 #accept(Method method) 方法,代码如下:

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//
CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#MethodOverrideCallbackFilter@Override
public int accept(Method method) {
    MethodOverride methodOverride = getBeanDefinition().getMethodOverrides().getOverride(method);
    if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
        logger.trace("Override for '" + method.getName() + "' is [" + methodOverride + "]");
    }
    if (methodOverride == null) {
        return PASSTHROUGH;
    }
    else if (methodOverride instanceof LookupOverride) {
        return LOOKUP_OVERRIDE;
    }
    else if (methodOverride instanceof ReplaceOverride) {
        return METHOD_REPLACER;
    }
    throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Unexpected MethodOverride subclass: " +                                            methodOverride.getClass().getName());
}



  • 根据 BeanDefinition 中定义的 MethodOverride 不同,返回不同的值, 这里返回的下标 PASSTHROUGH 、 LOOKUP_OVERRIDE 、 METHOD_REPLACER 都是 Callback 数组的 ,这里对应的数组为 CALLBACK_TYPES 数组,如下:
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//
CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#CglibSubclassCreatorprivate
static final Class<?>[] CALLBACK_TYPES = new Class<?>[] {
    NoOp.class,    LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor.class,    ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor.class
}

```plain text

4.2 LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor

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//
CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#LookupOverrideMethodInterceptorprivate
static class LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor extends CglibIdentitySupport implements MethodInterceptor {
    private final BeanFactory owner;
    public LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition,
    BeanFactory owner) {
        super(beanDefinition);
        this.owner = owner;
    }
    @Override
    public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy mp) throws Throwable {
        // Cast is safe, as CallbackFilter filters are used selectively.        // 获得 method 对应的 LookupOverride 对象        LookupOverride lo = (LookupOverride) getBeanDefinition().getMethodOverrides().getOverride(method);        Assert.state(lo !=
        null, "LookupOverride not found"); // 获得参数
        Object[] argsToUse = (args.length > 0 ? args : null); // if no-arg,
        don't insist on args at all        // 获得 Bean
        if (StringUtils.hasText(lo.getBeanName())) {
            // Bean 的名字            return (argsToUse !=
            null ? this.owner.getBean(lo.getBeanName(), argsToUse) :
            this.owner.getBean(lo.getBeanName()));
        }
        else {
            // Bean 的类型
            return (argsToUse != null ? this.owner.getBean(method.getReturnType(), argsToUse) :                    this.owner.getBean(method.getReturnType()));
        }
    }
}



4.3 ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor

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//
CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptorprivate
static class ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor extends CglibIdentitySupport implements MethodInterceptor {
    private final BeanFactory owner;
    public ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition,
    BeanFactory owner) {
        super(beanDefinition);
        this.owner = owner;
    }
    @Override
    public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy mp) throws Throwable {
        // 获得 method 对应的 LookupOverride 对象        ReplaceOverride ro = (ReplaceOverride) getBeanDefinition().getMethodOverrides().getOverride(method);        Assert.state(ro !=
        null, "ReplaceOverride not found"); // TODO could cache
        if a singleton for minor performance optimization        // 获得 MethodReplacer 对象        MethodReplacer mr =
        this.owner.getBean(ro.getMethodReplacerBeanName(), MethodReplacer.class); // 执行替换
        return mr.reimplement(obj, method, args);
    }
}



通过这两个拦截器,再加上这篇博客:【死磕 Spring】—— IoC 之解析 bean 标签:meta、lookup-method、replace-method,是不是一道绝佳的美食。

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