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IOC-Bean的实例化策略:InstantiationStrategy

IOC-Bean的实例化策略:InstantiationStrategy

本文主要基于 Spring 5.0.6.RELEASE

摘要: 原创出处 http://cmsblogs.com/?p=todo 「小明哥」,谢谢!

作为「小明哥」的忠实读者,「老艿艿」略作修改,记录在理解过程中,参考的资料。


在开始分析 InstantiationStrategy 之前,我们先来简单回顾下 Bean 的实例化过程:

  1. Bean 的创建,主要是 AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#doCreateBean(…) 方法。在这个方法中有 Bean 的实例化、属性注入和初始化过程,对于 Bean 的实例化过程这是根据 Bean 的类型来判断的,如果是单例模式,则直接从 factoryBeanInstanceCache 缓存中获取,否则调用 #createBeanInstance(…) 方法来创建。
  2. 在 #createBeanInstance(…) 方法中,如果 Supplier 不为空,则调用 #obtainFromSupplier(…) 实例化 bean。如果 factory 不为空,则调用 #instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(…) 方法来实例化 Bean 。如果都不是,则调用 #instantiateBean(…) 方法来实例化 Bean 。但是无论是 #instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(…) 方法,还是 #instantiateBean() 方法,最后都一定会调用到 InstantiationStrategy 接口的 #instantiate(…) 方法。

1. InstantiationStrategy

InstantiationStrategy 接口定义了 Spring Bean 实例化的策略,根据创建对象情况的不同,提供了三种策略:无参构造方法、有参构造方法、工厂方法。代码如下:

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public interface InstantiationStrategy {    /**    * 默认构造方法    */    Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner)    throws BeansException;    /**    * 指定构造方法    */    Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner,                       Constructor<?> ctor, @Nullable Object... args) throws BeansException;    /**    * 工厂方法    */    Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner,                       @Nullable Object factoryBean, Method factoryMethod, @Nullable Object... args)    throws BeansException;}

2. SimpleInstantiationStrategy

InstantiationStrategy 接口有两个实现类:SimpleInstantiationStrategy 和 CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy。

SimpleInstantiationStrategy 对以上三个方法都做了简单的实现。

① 如果是工厂方法实例化,则直接使用反射创建对象,如下:

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// SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java@Overridepublic Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner,                          @Nullable Object factoryBean, final Method factoryMethod, Object... args) {    try {        // 设置 Method 可访问        if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {            AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {                ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(factoryMethod);                return null;            });        } else {            ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(factoryMethod);        }        // 获得原 Method 对象        Method priorInvokedFactoryMethod = currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.get();        try {            // 设置新的 Method 对象,到 currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod 中            currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.set(factoryMethod);            // 创建 Bean 对象            Object result = factoryMethod.invoke(factoryBean, args);            // 未创建,则创建 NullBean 对象            if (result == null) {                result = new NullBean();            }            return result;        } finally {            // 设置老的 Method 对象,到 currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod 中            if (priorInvokedFactoryMethod != null) {                currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.set(priorInvokedFactoryMethod);            } else {                currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.remove();            }        }        // 一大堆 catch 异常    } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {        throw new BeanInstantiationException(factoryMethod,                                             "Illegal arguments to factory method '" + factoryMethod.getName() + "'; " +                                             "args: " + StringUtils.arrayToCommaDelimitedString(args), ex);    } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {        throw new BeanInstantiationException(factoryMethod,                                             "Cannot access factory method '" + factoryMethod.getName() + "'; is it public?", ex);    } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {        String msg = "Factory method '" + factoryMethod.getName() + "' threw exception";        if (bd.getFactoryBeanName() != null && owner instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory &&            ((ConfigurableBeanFactory) owner).isCurrentlyInCreation(bd.getFactoryBeanName())) {            msg = "Circular reference involving containing bean '" + bd.getFactoryBeanName() + "' - consider " +            "declaring the factory method as static for independence from its containing instance. " + msg;        }        throw new BeanInstantiationException(factoryMethod, msg, ex.getTargetException());    }}

② 如果是构造方法实例化,则是先判断是否有 MethodOverrides,如果没有则是直接使用反射,如果有则就需要 CGLIB 实例化对象。如下:

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// SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java// 默认构造方法@Overridepublic Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {    // Don't override the class with CGLIB if no overrides.    // 没有覆盖,直接使用反射实例化即可    if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {        Constructor<?> constructorToUse;        synchronized (bd.constructorArgumentLock) {            // 获得构造方法 constructorToUse            constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;            if (constructorToUse == null) {                final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass();                // 如果是接口,抛出 BeanInstantiationException 异常                if (clazz.isInterface()) {                    throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");                }                try {                    // 从 clazz 中,获得构造方法                    if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) { // 安全模式                        constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(                            (PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>) clazz::getDeclaredConstructor);                    } else {                        constructorToUse =  clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();                    }                    // 标记 resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod 属性                    bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;                } catch (Throwable ex) {                    throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);                }            }        }        // 通过 BeanUtils 直接使用构造器对象实例化 Bean 对象        return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);    } else {        // Must generate CGLIB subclass.        // 生成 CGLIB 创建的子类对象        return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);    }}// 指定构造方法@Overridepublic Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner,                          final Constructor<?> ctor, Object... args) {    // 没有覆盖,直接使用反射实例化即可    if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {        if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {            // 设置构造方法,可访问            // use own privileged to change accessibility (when security is on)            AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {                ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(ctor);                return null;            });        }        // 通过 BeanUtils 直接使用构造器对象实例化 Bean 对象        return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(ctor, args);    } else {        // 生成 CGLIB 创建的子类对象        return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner, ctor, args);    }}
  • SimpleInstantiationStrategy 对 #instantiateWithMethodInjection(RootBeanDefinition bd, String beanName, BeanFactory owner, Constructor<?> ctor, Object… args) 的实现任务交给了子类 CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy 。

3. MethodOverrides

对于 MethodOverrides,如果读者是跟着小编文章一路跟过来的话一定不会陌生,在 BeanDefinitionParserDelegate 类解析 的时候是否还记得这两个方法:#parseLookupOverrideSubElements(…) 和 #parseReplacedMethodSubElements(…) 这两个方法分别用于解析 lookup-method 和 replaced-method 属性。

其中,#parseLookupOverrideSubElements(…) 源码如下:

4cdb7d0fafb164c00feb74680948e785

parseLookupOverrideSubElements

更多关于 lookup-method 和 replaced-method 请看:【死磕 Spring】—– IoC 之解析 bean 标签:meta、lookup-method、replace-method

4. CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy

类 CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy 为 Spring 实例化 Bean 的默认实例化策略,其主要功能还是对父类功能进行补充:其父类将 CGLIB 的实例化策略委托其实现。

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// SimpleInstantiationStrategy.javaprotected Object instantiateWithMethodInjection(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {    throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Method Injection not supported in SimpleInstantiationStrategy");}// CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java@Overrideprotected Object instantiateWithMethodInjection(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {    return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner, null);}
  • CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy 实例化 Bean 策略,是通过其内部类CglibSubclassCreator 来实现的。代码如下:
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// CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java@Overrideprotected Object instantiateWithMethodInjection(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner, @Nullable Constructor<?> ctor, Object... args) {    // Must generate CGLIB subclass...    // 通过CGLIB生成一个子类对象    return new CglibSubclassCreator(bd, owner).instantiate(ctor, args);}
  • 创建 CglibSubclassCreator 实例,然后调用其 #instantiate(Constructor<?> ctor, Object… args) 方法,该方法用于动态创建子类实例,同时实现所需要的 lookups( lookup-method 、 replace-method )。
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// CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#CglibSubclassCreatorpublic Object instantiate(@Nullable Constructor<?> ctor, Object... args) {    // <x> 通过 Cglib 创建一个代理类    Class<?> subclass = createEnhancedSubclass(this.beanDefinition);    Object instance;    // <y> 没有构造器,通过 BeanUtils 使用默认构造器创建一个bean实例    if (ctor == null) {        instance = BeanUtils.instantiateClass(subclass);    } else {        try {            // 获取代理类对应的构造器对象,并实例化 bean            Constructor<?> enhancedSubclassConstructor = subclass.getConstructor(ctor.getParameterTypes());            instance = enhancedSubclassConstructor.newInstance(args);        } catch (Exception ex) {            throw new BeanInstantiationException(this.beanDefinition.getBeanClass(),                                                 "Failed to invoke constructor for CGLIB enhanced subclass [" + subclass.getName() + "]", ex);        }    }    // SPR-10785: set callbacks directly on the instance instead of in the    // enhanced class (via the Enhancer) in order to avoid memory leaks.    // 为了避免 memory leaks 异常,直接在 bean 实例上设置回调对象    Factory factory = (Factory) instance;    factory.setCallbacks(new Callback[] {NoOp.INSTANCE,                                         new LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor(this.beanDefinition, this.owner),                                         new ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor(this.beanDefinition, this.owner)});    return instance;}

```plain text

  • </font> 处,调用 #createEnhancedSubclass(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition) 方法,为提供的 BeanDefinition 创建 bean 类的增强子类。代码如下: ```
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// CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#CglibSubclassCreatorprivate Class<?> createEnhancedSubclass(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition) {    // 创建 Enhancer 对象    Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();    // 设置 Bean 类    enhancer.setSuperclass(beanDefinition.getBeanClass());    // 设置 Spring 的命名策略    enhancer.setNamingPolicy(SpringNamingPolicy.INSTANCE);    // 设置生成策略    if (this.owner instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory) {        ClassLoader cl = ((ConfigurableBeanFactory) this.owner).getBeanClassLoader();        enhancer.setStrategy(new ClassLoaderAwareGeneratorStrategy(cl));    }    // 过滤,自定义逻辑来指定调用的callback下标    enhancer.setCallbackFilter(new MethodOverrideCallbackFilter(beanDefinition));    enhancer.setCallbackTypes(CALLBACK_TYPES);    return enhancer.createClass();}

```plain text * CGLIB 的标准 API 的使用。

  • </font> 处,获取子类增强 subclass 后,如果 Constructor 实例 ctr 为空,则调用默认构造函数(BeanUtils#instantiateClass(subclass))来实例化类,否则则根据构造函数类型获取具体的构造器,调用 Constructor#newInstance(args) 方法来实例化类。 ```

4.1 MethodOverrideCallbackFilter

在 处调用的 #createEnhancedSubclass(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition) 方法,我们注意两行代码:

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// CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#CglibSubclassCreatorenhancer.setCallbackFilter(new MethodOverrideCallbackFilter(beanDefinition));enhancer.setCallbackTypes(CALLBACK_TYPES);
  • 通过 MethodOverrideCallbackFilter 来定义调用 callback 类型。

MethodOverrideCallbackFilter 是用来定义 CGLIB 回调过滤方法的拦截器行为,它继承 CglibIdentitySupport 实现 CallbackFilter 接口。

  • CallbackFilter 是 CGLIB 的一个回调过滤器。
  • CglibIdentitySupport 则为 CGLIB 提供 #hashCode() 和 #equals(Object o) 方法,以确保 CGLIB 不会为每个 Bean 生成不同的类。

MethodOverrideCallbackFilter 实现 CallbackFilter 的 #accept(Method method) 方法,代码如下:

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// CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#MethodOverrideCallbackFilter@Overridepublic int accept(Method method) {    MethodOverride methodOverride = getBeanDefinition().getMethodOverrides().getOverride(method);    if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {        logger.trace("Override for '" + method.getName() + "' is [" + methodOverride + "]");    }    if (methodOverride == null) {        return PASSTHROUGH;    } else if (methodOverride instanceof LookupOverride) {        return LOOKUP_OVERRIDE;    } else if (methodOverride instanceof ReplaceOverride) {        return METHOD_REPLACER;    }    throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Unexpected MethodOverride subclass: " +                                            methodOverride.getClass().getName());}
  • 根据 BeanDefinition 中定义的 MethodOverride 不同,返回不同的值, 这里返回的下标 PASSTHROUGH 、 LOOKUP_OVERRIDE 、 METHOD_REPLACER 都是 Callback 数组的 ,这里对应的数组为 CALLBACK_TYPES 数组,如下:
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// CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#CglibSubclassCreatorprivate static final Class<?>[] CALLBACK_TYPES = new Class<?>[] {    NoOp.class,    LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor.class,    ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor.class};

```plain text

4.2 LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor

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// CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#LookupOverrideMethodInterceptorprivate static class LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor extends CglibIdentitySupport implements MethodInterceptor {    private final BeanFactory owner;    public LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, BeanFactory owner) {        super(beanDefinition);        this.owner = owner;    }    @Override    public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy mp) throws Throwable {        // Cast is safe, as CallbackFilter filters are used selectively.        // 获得 method 对应的 LookupOverride 对象        LookupOverride lo = (LookupOverride) getBeanDefinition().getMethodOverrides().getOverride(method);        Assert.state(lo != null, "LookupOverride not found");        // 获得参数        Object[] argsToUse = (args.length > 0 ? args : null);  // if no-arg, don't insist on args at all        // 获得 Bean        if (StringUtils.hasText(lo.getBeanName())) { // Bean 的名字            return (argsToUse != null ? this.owner.getBean(lo.getBeanName(), argsToUse) :                    this.owner.getBean(lo.getBeanName()));        } else { // Bean 的类型            return (argsToUse != null ? this.owner.getBean(method.getReturnType(), argsToUse) :                    this.owner.getBean(method.getReturnType()));        }    }}

4.3 ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor

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// CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy.java#ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptorprivate static class ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor extends CglibIdentitySupport implements MethodInterceptor {    private final BeanFactory owner;    public ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, BeanFactory owner) {        super(beanDefinition);        this.owner = owner;    }    @Override    public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy mp) throws Throwable {        // 获得 method 对应的 LookupOverride 对象        ReplaceOverride ro = (ReplaceOverride) getBeanDefinition().getMethodOverrides().getOverride(method);        Assert.state(ro != null, "ReplaceOverride not found");        // TODO could cache if a singleton for minor performance optimization        // 获得 MethodReplacer 对象        MethodReplacer mr = this.owner.getBean(ro.getMethodReplacerBeanName(), MethodReplacer.class);        // 执行替换        return mr.reimplement(obj, method, args);    }}

通过这两个拦截器,再加上这篇博客:【死磕 Spring】—— IoC 之解析 bean 标签:meta、lookup-method、replace-method,是不是一道绝佳的美食。

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